It’s getting hot in here. In most parts of west Africa, the temperature is above 31 degree celsius. For the most parts, the humid weather is harsh and unfavourable for plants and even humans. Maintaining a green garden in Africa’s extreme temperatures requires careful planning, attention to detail, and adaptation to the local climate. Here are some tips to help you achieve a thriving garden:
Choosing Heat-Tolerant Plants
1. Select plants native to Africa: Plants that are native to Africa are more likely to be adapted to the local climate and temperature fluctuations.
2. Drought-resistant plants: Choose plants that are resistant to drought, such as succulents and cacti, which can thrive in hot and dry conditions.
3. Heat-tolerant crops: Select crops that are known to perform well in high temperatures, such as okra, eggplant, and hot peppers.
Soil Management
1. Mulching: Mulch helps retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.
2. Organic matter: Add organic matter like compost or manure to improve soil structure, fertility, and water-holding capacity.
3. Soil shading: Use shade cloth or other materials to shade the soil and reduce temperature fluctuations.
Watering Strategies
1. Water deeply but infrequently: Water plants deeply to encourage deep root growth, but avoid frequent shallow watering that can lead to weak roots.
2. Water in the morning or evening: Avoid watering during the hottest part of the day to minimize evaporation and reduce the risk of scorching plants.
3. Drip irrigation: Consider using drip irrigation systems, which deliver water directly to the roots of plants, reducing evaporation and runoff.
Providing Shade
1. Shade cloth: Use shade cloth to provide shade for plants during the hottest part of the day.
2. Trees or trellises: Plant trees or use trellises to provide shade for plants, especially during the hottest months.
3. Awnings or umbrellas: Use awnings or umbrellas to provide shade for plants in containers or sensitive areas.
Managing Temperature Extremes
1. Use row covers: Row covers can help protect plants from extreme temperatures, wind, and pests.
2. Provide wind protection: Use windbreaks or other barriers to protect plants from strong winds that can exacerbate temperature extremes.
3. Monitor temperature: Keep an eye on temperature forecasts and take action to protect plants during extreme heatwaves or cold snaps.
Additional Tips
1. Monitor soil moisture: Regularly check soil moisture levels to avoid overwatering or underwatering.
2. Fertilise carefully: Fertilise plants during the cooler parts of the day to avoid burning roots or leaves.
3. Keep a garden journal: Record temperature fluctuations, watering schedules, and plant responses to refine your gardening strategies.
By following these tips, you can create a thriving green garden in Africa’s extreme temperatures.
